Respiratory

ID-Respiratory Multiplex Panel

Comprehensive viral and bacterial respiratory pathogen detection from swabs, sputum or BAL in a single multiplex assay.

Method
Real-time multiplex RT-PCR
Turnaround
Data to be updated
Specimen
Sputum, Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL), Nasopharyngeal Swab, Throat Swab
Sample volume
Data to be updated

Why This Test Matters

Respiratory infections — from upper respiratory illness to radiologically confirmed pneumonia and bronchiolitis — represent approximately half of consultations in some primary-care datasets and are among the most common reasons for hospital admission.

Clinical Background

Viral and bacterial respiratory infections present with overlapping features but demand different management: antivirals and isolation for some viruses, antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia, and no antibiotics for most viral illness. Distinguishing them clinically is unreliable.

The Diagnostic Challenge

Rapid antigen tests are fast but insensitive; culture takes days and detects only bacteria; single-plex PCRs require multiple sequential tests and samples.

Current Diagnostic Methods

Clinical diagnosis, chest imaging, rapid antigen tests, sputum culture and single-target PCRs form the conventional pathway.

How the ID Labs Test Helps

A single multiplex RT-PCR tests one specimen against the common viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens simultaneously, delivering a comprehensive aetiological picture in one run.

How the Test Works

  1. 01Swab / sputum / BAL collection
  2. 02Nucleic acid extraction
  3. 03Reverse transcription for RNA viruses
  4. 04Multiplex real-time amplification
  5. 05Detection and internal control
  6. 06Report

Test Methodology

MethodologyReal-time multiplex RT-PCR
TechnologyReal-time multiplex PCR / RT-PCR
InstrumentData to be updated
DetectionFluorescence-based amplification

Specimen Information

Sputum

Collection
Deep cough specimen into a sterile wide-mouth container after rinsing the mouth.
Minimum volume
1 mL
Recommended
3–5 mL
Transport
2–8 °C
Storage
2–8 °C
Stability
Data to be updated
Rejection criteria
Saliva-only samples (watery, no purulent material).

Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL)

Collection
Collected by bronchoscopy into sterile container.
Minimum volume
1 mL
Recommended
5–10 mL
Transport
2–8 °C
Storage
2–8 °C
Stability
Data to be updated
Rejection criteria
Unlabelled or leaking container.

Nasopharyngeal Swab

Collection
Flocked swab inserted through the nostril to the posterior nasopharynx; placed in viral transport medium.
Minimum volume
1 swab in VTM
Recommended
1 swab in 2–3 mL VTM
Transport
2–8 °C
Storage
2–8 °C
Stability
Data to be updated
Rejection criteria
Dry swab without transport medium; broken swab shaft.

Throat Swab

Collection
Swab of the posterior pharynx and tonsillar areas; placed in transport medium.
Minimum volume
1 swab
Recommended
1 swab in VTM
Transport
2–8 °C
Storage
2–8 °C
Stability
Data to be updated
Rejection criteria
Dry swab; delayed transport.

Specimen Container

Sterile Screw-Cap Container

Universal sterile container · Cap: White

Additive: None

Volume: 10–30 mL capacity

Collect aseptically; label immediately.

Viral Transport Medium (VTM) Tube

Swab transport tube · Cap: Varies

Additive: Viral transport medium

Volume: 2–3 mL VTM

Break swab shaft into medium; cap tightly.

Sputum Container (Wide-mouth, Sterile)

Sterile container · Cap: White

Additive: None

Volume: 3–5 mL

Collect early-morning deep-cough sample for mycobacterial testing.

Targets / Analytes / Organisms

Bacteria

Technical Performance

CharacteristicValueSource
Analytical / clinical performancePerformance characteristics: please contact ID Labs — data to be updated.ID Labs Validated Performance

Clinical Utilization

Consider in moderate-to-severe respiratory illness, hospitalised pneumonia, bronchiolitis in infants, immunocompromised patients, and during influenza/COVID-19 season for triage and isolation decisions.

Advantages

  • One specimen, broad viral + bacterial coverage
  • Rapid result supports isolation and therapy decisions
  • RT-PCR chemistry covers RNA viruses accurately

Limitations

  • Detection of viral nucleic acid does not always equal causation (asymptomatic carriage occurs)
  • Does not replace sputum culture and AST for bacterial pneumonia
  • Panel target list: data to be updated
  • Low organism burden early or late in illness can yield false negatives

Diagnostic Algorithm

  1. 01Patient with respiratory illness
  2. 02Severity assessment + imaging
  3. 03ID-Respiratory Multiplex
  4. 04Targeted therapy / isolation
  5. 05Culture + AST if bacterial pneumonia
  6. 06Clinical review

Publications & Scientific Evidence

Multiplex real-time PCR for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A/B and RSV: analytical and clinical evaluation

Journal of Clinical Virology (PMC) · 2021

Analytical ValidationExternal link only

Curated peer-reviewed / authoritative reference. Open the source link for the full text.

Clinical evaluation of respiratory pathogen multiplex PCR panels

Frontiers in Medicine · 2023

Clinical StudyExternal link only

Curated peer-reviewed / authoritative reference. Open the source link for the full text.

Related Tests & Technologies

Frequently Asked Questions

Discuss this test with our scientific team

Panel configuration, specimen logistics and turnaround details on request.

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Information on this page is educational and does not replace professional clinical judgment. Performance values are labelled by source (ID Labs Specification / ID Labs Validated Performance / Manufacturer Specification / Published Scientific Evidence). Molecular results must be correlated clinically and, where appropriate, confirmed by culture and phenotypic susceptibility testing.