Sepsis

ID-Sepsis Multiplex Panel

Rapid detection of more than 30 sepsis-causing pathogens and their drug-resistance markers directly from whole blood.

Method
Two-step real-time nested multiplex PCR
Turnaround
≈ 5 hours (ID Labs stated specification)
Specimen
Whole Blood (EDTA)
Sample volume
2 mL whole blood (ID Labs stated specification)

Why This Test Matters

Sepsis is a medical emergency. Globally, mortality attributable to sepsis is measured in thousands of deaths per day, and mortality can reach 50% in certain critically ill populations. Survival was 82% when effective antimicrobial therapy was administered within one hour of documented sepsis in the ID Labs source material — timely identification of the causative pathogen is decisive.

Clinical Background

Sepsis is suspected with fever or hypothermia, altered mental status, hypotension, dyspnoea or abdominal pain, and progresses to organ dysfunction when uncontrolled. It may be caused by Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria, fungi or (less commonly) viruses, and is increasingly complicated by antimicrobial resistance.

The Diagnostic Challenge

Conventional blood culture — indispensable for confirming viable organisms and performing susceptibility testing — takes 24–72 hours and frequently returns false-negative results, particularly after antibiotics. Waiting for culture forces clinicians to continue broad empirical therapy, driving resistance and toxicity.

Current Diagnostic Methods

Blood culture with automated incubation, biomarkers (procalcitonin, CRP), and single-plex molecular tests are the conventional tools. Each is slower or narrower than the clinical situation demands.

How the ID Labs Test Helps

The ID-Sepsis Multiplex panel identifies the causative pathogen class and key resistance markers from a single 2 mL blood sample within approximately 5 hours, enabling earlier targeted therapy while culture proceeds in parallel for confirmation and full susceptibility testing.

How the Test Works

  1. 012 mL whole blood in EDTA
  2. 02Nucleic acid extraction
  3. 03Two-step nested multiplex amplification
  4. 04Real-time fluorescence detection
  5. 05Internal control verification
  6. 06Pathogen + resistance-marker interpretation
  7. 07Report issued

Test Methodology

MethodologyTwo-step real-time nested multiplex PCR
TechnologyReal-time nested multiplex PCR
InstrumentData to be updated
DetectionFluorescence-based amplification with target quantification support

Specimen Information

Whole Blood (EDTA)

Collection
Venepuncture into EDTA tube using aseptic technique.
Minimum volume
2 mL
Recommended
3–5 mL
Transport
2–8 °C, do not freeze
Storage
2–8 °C
Stability
Data to be updated
Rejection criteria
Clotted, haemolysed or unlabelled samples; wrong anticoagulant.

Specimen Container

EDTA Tube (K2/K3 EDTA)

Evacuated blood tube · Cap: Lavender / Purple

Additive: K2/K3 EDTA (anticoagulant)

Volume: 3 mL

Invert gently 8–10 times after collection. Do not freeze.

Targets / Analytes / Organisms

Gram-positive bacteria

Staphylococcus aureusEnterococcus faecalisEnterococcus faeciumCoagulase-negative staphylococci and others — data to be updated

Resistance markers

mecA (methicillin resistance)vanA/vanB (vancomycin resistance)KPC, NDM, OXA-48-like carbapenemases

Technical Performance

CharacteristicValueSource
Target countMore than 30 sepsis-causing pathogens plus resistance markersID Labs Specification
Sample volumeOnly 2 mL whole bloodID Labs Specification
Turnaround timeApproximately 5 hoursID Labs Specification
Added yieldWhen combined with blood culture, multiplex testing improved pathogen detection by ~18% in febrile neutropenia settings (as cited in ID Labs source material)ID Labs Specification
Analytical / clinical performancePerformance characteristics: please contact ID Labs — data to be updated.ID Labs Validated Performance

Clinical Utilization

Most valuable early in suspected sepsis, in febrile neutropenia (particularly with persistent fever or suspected invasive fungal infection), and when antibiotics were started before cultures were taken. Always draw blood cultures alongside the molecular test.

Advantages

  • Direct testing from whole blood — only 2 mL required
  • Approximately 5-hour turnaround (ID Labs stated specification)
  • Prior antibiotic therapy does not prevent molecular detection
  • Screens bacteria, fungi and resistance markers in a single sample
  • Nested PCR design provides high-level amplification with high specificity

Limitations

  • Detects nucleic acid: a positive signal may reflect colonisation, contamination or residual DNA rather than viable bloodstream infection
  • False negatives can occur with very low organism burden or inhibitors in the sample
  • Resistance genes detected do not capture all resistance mechanisms — phenotypic AST on cultured isolates remains necessary
  • Does not replace blood culture; the two are complementary
  • Target-specific performance — data to be updated

Conventional vs Advanced Technology

Blood culture vs ID-Sepsis Multiplex
FeatureBlood cultureID-Sepsis Multiplex
Time to actionable result24–72 hours≈ 5 hours
Effect of prior antibioticsSensitivity falls sharplyDetection retained
Viable organism / ASTYes — enables full phenotypic ASTNo — molecular resistance markers only
Breadth per testWhatever grows>30 pathogens + resistance markers

Diagnostic Algorithm

  1. 01Patient with suspected sepsis
  2. 02Clinical assessment + blood cultures
  3. 03ID-Sepsis Multiplex PCR (≈5 h)
  4. 04Early targeted antimicrobial adjustment
  5. 05Culture result + phenotypic AST (24–72 h)
  6. 06Definitive therapy & stewardship review

Publications & Scientific Evidence

Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock

Kumar A, Roberts D, Wood KE, et al.

Critical Care Medicine · 2006 · Vol 34 · (6) · pp. 1589–1596

Clinical StudyExternal link only

Landmark study showing that each hour of delay in effective antimicrobial therapy after the onset of septic shock is associated with a measurable decrease in survival — the evidence base for rapid diagnostics in sepsis.

Rapid multiplex PCR for bloodstream infections: systematic review and meta-analysis

The Lancet eClinicalMedicine · 2024

Meta-analysisExternal link only

Curated peer-reviewed / authoritative reference. Open the source link for the full text.

LightCycler SeptiFast multiplex PCR for bloodstream infection: meta-analysis

PLOS ONE · 2013

Meta-analysisExternal link only

Curated peer-reviewed / authoritative reference. Open the source link for the full text.

Related Tests & Technologies

Frequently Asked Questions

References

  1. Kumar A, et al. Crit Care Med 2006 — timing of effective antimicrobial therapy in septic shock

Discuss this test with our scientific team

Panel configuration, specimen logistics and turnaround details on request.

Enquire now

Information on this page is educational and does not replace professional clinical judgment. Performance values are labelled by source (ID Labs Specification / ID Labs Validated Performance / Manufacturer Specification / Published Scientific Evidence). Molecular results must be correlated clinically and, where appropriate, confirmed by culture and phenotypic susceptibility testing.